This chapter examines the formation and development of Unitarian liturgy and worship practices from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries. Despite the absence of a sixteenth- and seventeenth-century order of service, a hypothetical reconstruction of the Unitarian order of service is attempted using the earliest Unitarian hymnal. Using reliable written sources such as published prayer and hymn books and early ecclesiastical regulations, supplemented by synodical resolutions, the challenges of reconstructing a unified Unitarian liturgy are presented.
Throughout the seventeenth century, medieval practices such as Christmas and Good Friday vigils persisted within the Unitarian church, but efforts to purge the church of Catholic remnants were successful by the end of the seventeenth century.
The standardization of Unitarian liturgy gained momentum in the second half of the eighteenth century, particularly under Bishop István Agh, who compiled the first Book of Worship (Ágenda) in 1767. Despite its non-compulsory nature, this was an important step toward liturgical uniformity.
The chapter examines key historical events that shaped the Unitarian liturgy from 1568 to 1767, offering hypothetical reconstructions of Holy Week ceremonies. The focus then shifts from 1767 to 1837, tracing the course of liturgical development. The narrative culminates in reflections on the evolution of Unitarian liturgy, highlighting its dynamic adaptation to doctrinal, cultural, and social changes over the centuries.